Английский язык — 15 вариант (6 заданий)

Variant 15

1. Translate the text (Переведите текст):
Natural Gas.
Crude oil and natural gas are the raw materials of the oil and gas industry.
Oil matters cannot be properly considered without reference to natural gas, for the two products are closely associated in their common origin, characteristics and occurrence. Natural gas is a mixture of hydrocarbons of high calorific value (теплотворная способность). Generally it may be dissolved in the crude or it may be found in formations entirely separated from oil. The gas may be “wet” or “dry” – and accordingly give varying yields of natural gasoline.
Its preparation and utilization. Three methods are used for the separation of liquid gas: compression – condensation, absorption and adsorption.
The most important method is washing with an absorption oil at a minimum pressure of 35 atm in an absorber-cooler. All hydrocarbons above propane are dissolved and methane-ethane, and propane-containing “dry” gas enter the pipeline. On heating the wash oil gives off the absorbed liquid gases. These are condensed and first “ stabilized” by pressure distillation for further separation of dissolved gases and then fractionated by distillation in several columns.
From the bore hole the oil passes first into a separator which consists of a container (резервуар) equipped with baffle plates. Here the separation of the gas is carried out. In many cases the oil is separated from water and salt at the oilfield and is stabilized to save transport costs. The crude oil is then collected in tanks or in large concrete-lined pits.
Gas separators with centrifugal elements are intended for gas separation from liquid drops and solids and mainly used as inlet, intermediate and final ones for field natural gas processing, for underground gas storage, at gas distribution stations, as well as in associated petroleum gas treatment and processing plants.

Рис. 1 A gas separator with centrifugal elements

Preliminary (предварительный) gas separation, absorption, final separation are made in gas dehydration absorber (further referred to as absorber). Absorber is used for preliminary natural gas and associated petroleum gas separation from liquid and solid impurities, for gas dehydration by liquid sorbents and for liquid solid additional separation, when it is entrained by dehydrated gas flow.

Рис. 2 An absorber

Through the inlet nozzle feed (влажный) gas enters the inlet separation section, where liquid droplets and solids are partially separated from the gas. Separated liquid is drawn off. Gas flows to the mass transfer section, where it is dehydrated by diethylene glycol (DEG). After the final separation in the final separation section gas is drawn off through the outlet nozzle (через штуцер газа).

2. Ask 10 questions оn the text(составьте 10 различныхвопросовпосодержаниютекста): General (общий) — 2, Special (специальный) — 3, Alternative (альтернативный) — 3, Disjunctive (разделительный) — 2:

3. Determine the tense form of the verbs and translate the sentences into Russian (определите время глагола-сказуемого и переведите предложения):
1. Computers are being used more and more extensively in the world today, for the simple reason that they are far more efficient than human beings.
2. On St Valentine`s Day presents are exchanged or red roses are given as a sign of love.
3. For the first time, one of the basic molecules of life has been discovered in space.

4. Переведите предложения на русский язык, принимая во внимание место предлога при бессоюзном подчинении:
1. The house he lived in was old and gloomy.
2. The law I am speaking about applies to gases.
3. The girl I danced with was my friend’s sister.

5. Translate the sentences into Russian. Mind the difference in the translation of the Objective Infinitive Construction and the Subjective Infinitive Construction (переведите предложения на русский язык, учитывая разницу в переводе инфинитивных конструкций):
1. I didn’tknow her to sing so well.
2. I think him to complete this work on Tuesday.
3. The strong earthquake was reported to happen in the mountains of South America.
4. Victor is said to graduate from the institute and work in a good firm.

6. Translate the sentences into Russian (переведите предложения на русский язык):
1. If I were you I should attend people more heartily.
2. If he looked critically at himself he would notice his mistakes.
3. If you’d spoken politely, he wouldn’t have been angry.

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