Английский язык ДВГУПС 2014 Савельева, Сологуб — 4 вариант (Кр №1)

Вариант 4

Задание 1.  Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление прилагательных в сравнительной и превосходной степенях. Подчеркните прилагательные в английских предложениях и укажите степень сравнения.

1. As he went on, the box became heavier and heavier.
2. It is a very easy problem. Give me a more difficult one.
3. The fastest passenger trains in the world operate in France.

Задание 2.  Перепишите и переведите предложения, употребив прилагательные, данные в скобках, в сравнительной или превосходной степени.

1. At the exhibition we could see the (late) track-laying machine. (путеукладочная машина)
2. Prices get (high) all the time.
3. The intercity trains make (long) runs (пробеги) than commuter trains do.

Задание 3. Перепишите и переведите предложения. Определите форму (Present, Past, Future) и функцию (основной, вспомогательный, модальный) глаголов  TO BE и  TO HAVE. Подчеркните эти глаголы в английском варианте.

1. The total length of the new bridge is more than 500 m.
2. With the development of railways the weight and speed of trains have increased.
3. A large group of designers were invited to the conference.
4. Some old bridges over the Neva have to be reconstructed.
5. The workers are removing all sleepers (шпалы) from the track.

Задание 4. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление времён группы Indefinite ( Simple) ( Present, Past, Future) в действительном и страдательном залоге. Выпишите сказуемые и укажите их видовременную форму и залог.

1. I was told to come at 5 o’clock for the meeting.
2. When the fire brigade arrived, it was too late to save the building.
3. This mechanism activates the emergency brake.

Задание  5.  Перепишите и переведите текст.

Ivan Polzunov

Ivan Ivanovich Polzunov was a Russian inventor. He created the first steam engine in Russia and the first two- cylinder engine in the world.

Ivan Polzunjv was born in the family of a soldier in the town Turinsk. After graduating in 1742 from Mining School (Горнозаводская школа) in Ekaterinburg he worked as a mechanic’s apprentice and in 1748 he began to work in Barnaul.

In the library of Barnaul he found works of Mikhail Lomonosov, that he studied by himself as well as the descriptions of contemporary steam machines by I.Shlatter. In 1763 he proposed an original 1.8 h.p. steam engine. The design used two cylinders on the same shaft that allowed its operations to be completely independent from water power even on dry places or in mountains. The design was a great step forward from contemporary steam machine that used hydropower to return the piston and so could not be used if the hydropower was not available.  The project was sent to Empress Catherine II. She awarded him 400 rubles but did not seem to appreciate the new technology.

In 1765 Polsunov designed a large 32 h.p. steam machine for air pumps. The director of Barnaul Plants general Porshin agreed to use Polzunov’s two-cylinder design as Barnaul steel mills were in a very dry area and in summer  they often did not have any hydropower at all.

The machine was assembled in the winter and spring of 1766. But Ivan Polzunov’s tuberculosis became much worse and he died on May, 1766, at the age of 37, three days before the machine was finished. The machine worked three months, and then was disassembled despite paying off its costs in those three months. A working model of the steam machine made by Ivan Polzunov is in the museum of Barnaul and it still works.

A minor planet, 1978SP7 is named in his honor, as well as the crater on the Moon.

Задание 6. Укажите, какие из следующих утверждений соответствуют содержанию текста. Используйте фразы: It is right. It is wrong. Исправьте неверные утверждения.

1. I.Polzunov was an English inventor.
2. In 1748 he began to work in Barnaul.
3. In the library of Barnaul I.I.Polzunov found works of M.Lomonosov that he studied by himself.
4. In 1865 Polzunov designed a large electric machine for air pumps.

Categories: Хабаровск

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